工资收入表达：earnings vs. salary
1. earnings:
- 含义: 泛指任何劳动所得，包括薪水、工资、收入等。
- 用法: 通常指工作所得的报酬，不包括利息等非劳动收入。
- 例句:
- 工厂工人平均收入有所增加。(a rise in average earnings for factory workers)
- 事故造成的收入损失获得了赔偿。(compensation for loss of earnings caused by the accident)
earnings 的应用场景:
描述整体收入变化趋势:
- 去年他的收入减少了20%。(last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.)
- 8月份这个国家的平均收入又上了一个台阶。(average earnings in the economy moved up another notch in august)
强调收入与其他因素的关系:
- 失业救济金的额度与以前的收入有直接关系。(unemployment benefits are directly related to previous earnings.)
- 相对收入而言房价现在看起来比较便宜。(house prices now look cheap relative to earnings)
涵盖多种收入来源:
- 旅游业收入是该国无形收益当中最大的一项。(the revenue from tourism is the biggest single item in the country's invisible earnings)
- 他上年纪时积攒的收入足够买一辆旧车了。(during his senior year his earnings stretched far enough to buy an old car.)
2. salary:
- 含义: 指按月或年支付的固定薪水，通常指白领工作。
- 用法: 领取薪水者通常具备特殊技能或专业知识。
- 例句:
- 政府已决定给所有公务员加薪。(the government has decided to increase salaries for all civil servants.)
- 这一工作薪水多少？ (how much salary does the job pay?)
salary 的应用场景:
强调固定薪酬:
- 我的薪水大约是9,000英镑，还有一辆车和业务经费可支配。(my salary was around £ 9,000 plus a car and expenses)
- 他得到一年的工资作为失业补偿金。(he received one year's salary as compensation for loss of office)
描述薪资水平:
- 即使是最便宜的汽车，价格也相当于一个公务员70年的薪水。(even the cheapest car costs the equivalent of 70 years' salary for a government worker.)
- 那位律师薪酬很高。(the lawyer was paid a huge salary)
与其他收入区分:
- 他总是把一半薪金存入银行。(he always deposits half of his salary in the bank.)
总结:
earnings 范围更广，指任何劳动所得，而 salary 指的是固定支付的薪水，常用于白领工作。 选择哪个词取决于语境和想要表达的具体含义。
工资表达大比拼：salary vs. wages
高薪世界 salary
salary 通常指按年计算的固定薪酬，常用于白领职业。
高管厚禄：
he could earn up to £1m a year in salary and emoluments from many directorships.
他每年的薪水加上担任许多董事职务的报酬高达一百万英镑。
the managing director had given himself a pay rise of 20%, taking his salary to £20,000.
经理给自己加了20%的薪，使他的薪水达到了2万英镑。
金领待遇：
i got a fantastic new job and my salary tripled.
我得到了一份非常好的新工作，薪水涨到了原来的3倍。
my cousin henry, he waltzes in a few months later at three times the salary.
我堂弟亨利几个月之后入职时轻而易举地拿到了3倍的薪水。
you get a big salary incentive and free board and lodging too.
你们能获得大笔激励性薪水，还可享受免费膳宿。
职场现状：
he forecasts that average salary increases will remain around 4 per cent.
他预测平均工资增幅将保持在4%左右。
they have found that, in terms of both salary and career success, the sky is the limit.
他们发现，就收入和事业成功来讲，多高都有可能的。（《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》）
薪资结构：
a high [low, small] salary 高[低]薪
a monthly [an annual] salary 月薪 [年薪]
an annual salary of $40,000 4万元的年薪
a 9% salary increase 加薪9%
she's on a salary of £24,000. 她的薪金是2.4万英镑。
he gets a basic salary plus commission. 他领取基本薪金，外加佣金。
i'm paid a salary of £5,000 a year. 我的年薪为 5,000 英镑。
辛苦人的 wages
wages 通常指按小时或周计算的酬劳，常用于蓝领职业，强调付出劳力获得的报酬。
糊口不易：
with betty's salary, they barely made ends meet.
加上贝蒂的薪水，他们仅能勉强维持生计。
we're barely scraping by on my salary.
我们靠我的工资勉强度日。
血汗钱：
my wages are 100 dollars a week. 我的工资每周时100美元。
her hourly wage is eight dollars. 她每小时的工资时8美元。
a weekly wage of £200 周薪200英镑
every week he handed all his wages in cash to his wife.
每个星期，他都把挣到的钱全部交给妻子。
劳工权益：
low wages 低工资
high wages 高工资
a starting wage of five dollars an hour 每小时 5 美元的起薪
minimum pensions and wages are to be indexed to inflation.
最低养老金和最低工资要与通货膨胀挂钩。
official statistics show real wages declining by 24%.
官方统计数字表明实际工资下降了24%。
wages were rising faster than productivity and this was eating into profits.
工资的涨幅高过了生产率增长的速度，从而消耗了利润所得。
其他表达：
give us a raise in salary! 给我们加薪!
he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 他告诉我说，公司付不起那么多薪水了。
what's your salary? 你领取多少薪水？
i live only on my salary. 我只靠薪水生活。
he is paid for his work at a high salary. 他的工作薪金挺高。
they kept back 80 dollars from my wages for trade union membership dues. 他们从我的工资中扣下80元钱交工会会费。
his boss advanced him ￡10 against next week's wages. 老板给他预支了10英镑下周的工资。
the farmers pay pitiful wages, often in the form of food and clothes.
对于文本内容的改写建议：
您提供的文本内容似乎来自不同来源，主题围绕着“工资”展开，包含了许多例句。为了更好地进行修改，我需要您明确修改目标：
1. 您希望如何修改这段文字的结构？ 例如：
- 将所有内容合并成一段流畅的文字？
- 保留例句，但对例句进行分类和整理？
- 将例句改写成更加自然、通顺的表达？
2. 您希望这段文字传达什么样的信息？ 例如：
- 描述低工资带来的社会问题？
- 比较不同英文单词表达“工资”时的区别？
- 解释工资与通货膨胀之间的关系？
请您提供更明确的修改方向，以便我更好地帮助您。
针对例句的修改建议：
以下是对部分例句的改写建议，力求保持原意，并使表达更加自然流畅：
原文: 农场主支付的报酬少得可怜，还经常是以食物和衣服的形式。
修改: 农场主提供的报酬微薄，往往以实物形式支付，例如食物和衣服。
原文: it's the wages that count. not over-generous, but there you are
修改: 工资才是最重要的，虽然不算优厚，但也只能这样了。
原文: split the wages between you
修改: 你们两人平分工钱吧。
原文: the state, it is true, gave money towards their wages. nevertheless the whole process had not been organized properly
修改: 诚然，政府已经拨款补贴他们的工资，但整个流程的组织工作仍然存在不足。
请您提供更具体的修改目标，我将尽力满足您的需求。
修改后的内容：
the bottom chart illustrates the proportion of personal debt to personal income.
下图展示了个人负债占个人收入的比例。
government expenditures consumed almost three-quarters of the national income.
政府支出几乎消耗了国民收入的四分之三。
taxes can be utilized to reallocate income.
税收可以用来重新分配收入。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
shares and bonds can generate a substantial amount of additional income for individuals.
股票和债券可以为个人带来相当可观的额外收入。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
she recommends that you begin by evaluating your income and expenses.
她建议你先评估一下自己的收入和支出。
he is more concerned with social imbalance than income inequality.
社会失衡比收入不公平更让他担忧。
furthermore, interest earned on treasury securities is exempt from state and local income taxes.
国债利息无需缴纳州和地方所得税。
if your expenditures exceed your income, consider reducing your spending.
如果你入不敷出，可以尝试减少开支吗？
as your income rises, you will find it easier to allocate funds for your monthly payments.
随着收入的增加，你会发现筹钱支付每月的还款没那么难了。
gerald had a limited amount of disposable income.
杰拉尔德的可支配收入很少。
critics argue that the prince's income should be subject to taxation.
批评家指出王子的收入应该纳税。
a significant portion of senior citizens in america rely solely on social security income for their livelihood.
大多数上了年纪的美国人仰仗社会保险金过活。
the average net income per capita has increased by approximately 16 percent over the past three years.
在过去的三年中每人的净收入增长了大约16%。
his lifestyle aligns with his income level.
他的生活方式与他的收入是相符的。
inflation is deemed undesirable due to its detrimental impact on income distribution.
通货膨胀被认为是有害的，因为它会对收入分配产生不利影响。
individuals receiving income support are not obligated to pay council tax.
领取收入补贴的人不必缴纳市政税。
5.pay
in this context, "pay" has the broadest meaning, referring generally to the wages or salary received from an employer.
"pay" 指的是员工工作获得的报酬，即工资或薪水：
the job offers good rates of pay.
这工作报酬高。
her job is hard work, but the pay is good.
她工作虽辛苦，但薪水不低。
a pay increase
加薪
(bre) a pay rise
加薪
(name) a pay raise
加薪
a 3% pay offer
愿出3%的酬劳
holiday pay
假日薪金
make a pay claim
正式要求加薪
pay court to sb
献殷勤；奉迎；讨好
pay court to a pretty woman.
对漂亮的妇女献殷勤。
jean's so pretty that many young men pay court to her.
琼长得很漂亮，许多小伙子都向她求爱。
mr johnson went to pay his court to the king.
约翰逊先生去向国王献殷勤。